{"id":2592,"date":"2020-02-05T13:25:31","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T13:25:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/a031212db6.nxcli.net\/in-vitro-services\/neuroinflammation\/"},"modified":"2023-11-29T19:07:04","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T01:07:04","slug":"neuroinflammation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/kr\/in-vitro-services\/neuroinflammation\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc2e0\uacbd\uc5fc\uc99d"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"gb-container gb-container-c7909da0\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-18df59eb\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-5981ed49\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ecbef264\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ecbef264\">\n\n<p>Neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), Huntington\u2019s disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), tauopathies, and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), are associated with chronic neuroinflammation and elevated levels of several cytokines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chronic neuroinflammation includes not only long-standing activation of&nbsp;<strong>microglia<\/strong>&nbsp;and subsequent sustained release of&nbsp;<strong>inflammatory mediators<\/strong>, but also the resulting increased&nbsp;<strong>oxidative and nitrosative stress<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9af486b0\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e4f68970 gb-accordion\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5eada5c9 gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-e94e60dc gb-accordion__toggle\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\">\ubbf8\uc138\uc544\uad50 \ubc0f \uc5fc\uc99d \ub9e4\uac1c\uccb4<\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" ariahidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" ariahidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-758dca46\">\n\n<p>Cytokines constitute a significant portion of the immuno- and neuromodulatory messengers that can be released by activated microglia. QPS Austria provides several cell culture systems including the microglial cell line BV-2, primary mouse microglia or organotypic brain slices (hippocampus or whole brain). All of these are suitable for testing the anti-inflammatory effects of your developmental compounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Murine microglial BV-2 cells are stimulated with LPS for 24h in the presence or absence of a test item (e.g. Ibudilast). The inflammatory response is determined by the release of various cytokines in the supernatant or\/and in cell extracts using multiplex cytokine arrays. A huge panel of inflammatory mediators can be detected among these IFN-gamma, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, KC, TNF-alpha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-a9451a39\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"417\" height=\"378\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-a9451a39\" src=\"http:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/cytokines.png\" alt=\"cytokines\" title=\"cytokines\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/cytokines.png 417w, https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/cytokines-300x272.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 417px) 100vw, 417px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Figure 1:<\/strong>&nbsp;Immuno-modulatory effects of Ibudilast on various cytokines in LPS stimulated BV-2 cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-5aa34a99\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"398\" height=\"370\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-5aa34a99\" src=\"http:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/hippocampal-brain-slices.png\" alt=\"hippocampal-brain-slices\" title=\"hippocampal-brain-slices\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/hippocampal-brain-slices.png 398w, https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/hippocampal-brain-slices-300x279.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Figure 2:<\/strong>&nbsp;Cytokine detection of organotypic hippocampal brain slices upon LPS stimulation.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e7f02fde gb-accordion__item\" data-transition=\"slide\">\n\n<button class=\"gb-button gb-button-d9dd69de gb-accordion__toggle\"><span class=\"gb-button-text\"><strong>\uc0b0\ud654 \ubc0f \uc9c8\uc0b0\ud654\uc801 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub808\uc2a4<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"gb-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" ariahidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" width=\"1em\" height=\"1em\" ariahidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" class=\"gb-accordion__icon-open\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/button>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-accordion__content\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f56c19d6\">\n\n<p>A common feature of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases like schizophrenia or attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder is an increased inflammatory response of the brain. Causes may vary from an exposure to proinflammatory agents during development or an accumulation of degenerated neurons, oxidized proteins, glycated products, or lipid peroxidation in the adult brain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, modulation of the prooxidant-antioxidant balance provides a therapeutic option which can be used to improve neuroprotection in response to oxidative stress. Consequently, the role of redox molecules, such as NO and ROS, as key mediators of immunity has renewed attention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"gb-block-image gb-block-image-505051b2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"844\" height=\"335\" class=\"gb-image gb-image-505051b2\" src=\"http:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/NO_ROS-graph.png\" alt=\"NO_ROS-graph\" title=\"NO_ROS-graph\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/NO_ROS-graph.png 844w, https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/NO_ROS-graph-300x119.png 300w, https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/NO_ROS-graph-768x305.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Figure:<\/strong>&nbsp;(Left) Effects of Ibudilast on NO release in LPS stimulated BV-2 cells. (Right) Effects of ascorbic acid on ROS detection in FeCl2 stimulated SH-SY5Y cells.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-fc3f1369\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-fc3f1369\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5783dd95 Sidebar In Vitro\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-2ff2e5d1\">\n\n<h3 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-240379c5 gb-headline-text gb-headline-98ccc1d8 blueline\">Newsletter<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-65d3a036 gb-query-loop-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-631b4a4b gb-query-loop-item post-8004 qps_newsletter type-qps_newsletter status-publish hentry\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-631b4a4b\">\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-93b99513 gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/kr\/qps-newsletter\/search-strategy-analysis-details-morris-water-maze-readouts\/\">Search Strategy Analysis Details Morris Water Maze Readouts<\/a><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-bd23e64a gb-headline-text gb-headline-0a03f9ae\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2024-01-09T08:00:24-06:00\">Jan 9, 2024<\/time><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-631b4a4b gb-query-loop-item post-7965 qps_newsletter type-qps_newsletter status-publish hentry\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-631b4a4b\">\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-93b99513 gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/kr\/qps-newsletter\/tau-phosphorylation-status-of-ps19-mice-as-model-of-tauopathies\/\">Tau Phosphorylation Status of PS19 Mice as Model of Tauopathies<\/a><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-bd23e64a gb-headline-text gb-headline-0a03f9ae\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2023-12-12T08:00:34-06:00\">Dec 12, 2023<\/time><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-631b4a4b gb-query-loop-item post-7835 qps_newsletter type-qps_newsletter status-publish hentry\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-631b4a4b\">\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-93b99513 gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/kr\/qps-newsletter\/repeated-electromyographic-measurements-for-longitudinal-evaluation-of-muscle-impairments\/\">Repeated electromyographic measurements for longitudinal evaluation of muscle impairments<\/a><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-bd23e64a gb-headline-text gb-headline-0a03f9ae\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2023-11-02T03:49:14-05:00\">Nov 2, 2023<\/time><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-631b4a4b gb-query-loop-item post-7132 qps_newsletter type-qps_newsletter status-publish hentry\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-631b4a4b\">\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-93b99513 gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/kr\/qps-newsletter\/translational-read-out-for-preclinical-gaucher-disease-studies-assessment-of-glucosylceramidase-%ce%b2-gcase-activity-in-dried-blood-spots\/\">Translational read-out for preclinical Gaucher disease studies: Assessment of glucosylceramidase-\u03b2 (GCase) activity in dried blood spots<\/a><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-bd23e64a gb-headline-text gb-headline-0a03f9ae\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2023-10-09T07:00:53-05:00\">Oct 9, 2023<\/time><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-631b4a4b gb-query-loop-item post-7119 qps_newsletter type-qps_newsletter status-publish hentry\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-631b4a4b\">\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-93b99513 gb-headline-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scantoxneuro.vm0857.enterprisecloud.nu\/kr\/qps-newsletter\/repeated-mptp-injections-to-model-the-parkinsons-disease-phenotype\/\">Repeated MPTP injections to model the Parkinson\u2019s disease phenotype<\/a><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-bd23e64a gb-headline-text gb-headline-0a03f9ae\"><time class=\"entry-date published\" datetime=\"2023-09-18T17:54:54-05:00\">Sep 18, 2023<\/time><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6db3cc59\">\n\n<h3 class=\"gb-headline gb-headline-43405a00 gb-headline-text gb-headline-98ccc1d8 blueline\"><em>In Vitro<\/em> Services<\/h3>\n\n\n<nav class=\" is-vertical sidebar-menu wp-block-navigation is-content-justification-stretch is-layout-flex wp-container-core-navigation-layout-1 wp-block-navigation-is-layout-flex\" aria-label=\"In Vitro Services - 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